Ukufunda Izinhlobo Ezidingekileyo zeStainless Steel Pipes

Ipayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali Umbiko wesiliso nokuphawuleza

Austenitic (Isiliso 300): 304, 316, 321, 347

I-Austenitic stainless steels, ifane kakhulu nge-uphawu oluninzi lokuncedisi kunye nokubonisa, ungeniseli yinkomo zokulandelana ne-chromium kunye ne-nickel, ngakho kube lutho lokuqondiswa ngazo kwiimbizo eziningi njengesi-phrothesi somncedo, uhlamvu kunye nokushesha esinteni.

• Isiliso 304 kuyingxoxwa ngokwesikhatsi sesiphawu sokuncedisi kunye nokungaphindaphindi, ukuba kudingekileyo lokusebenzela kusendlela lesi-phrothesi somncedo kunye nokuhlanganiswa okuhlambekileyo.
• Isiliso 316 ucinzela uphawu olukhulu lokuncedisi kwe-chlorides, ukuba kudingekileyo lokusebenzela kwindawo yokuhlala yesikhephe kunye nokushesha esinteni.
• Isiliso 321 ucinga itayini ukuthola uphawu olukhulu lokuncedisi kwe-temperatures elincinci, okuningi kuhlanganiswa okuhlambekileyo nokushesha esensithi.
• Isiliso 347 , ngokushesha 321, ukhululeka niobium ukuze uzame stabiliti kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zemperethi eliphakathi, esibonisa ukusebenzela kwamandla okubanzi.

Amaphethu Ferritic (Series 400): 430, 409

Amaphethu olunyeleweyo amaphethu akukho chromium, angaphansi kakhulu kumahluko wabantu abangaphambili kunye ne-austenitic, bavumelela umkhuhlane okungcono nge-stress corrosion cracking, ubungakho lokuhlola iintshukumo neemoto.

• Indawo 430 , ngenxa yokuthi yikhromyum 16-18%, iyisebenziselwa ngokwesetyenziswa ngokomoya ngokuphathelwayo ngokuba yilungu lomphethu olufanele.
• Indawo 409 , isebenziselwa phambi komncedisi weemoto, ibhala imvume ekugcineneyo ngokuncinane kwiindawo ezincinzane zokuphotsha ngenxa yokuthi yakhiwe chromium yancinane.

Iindlela Zokuqhathanisana: 2205, 2507

Amaphethu olunyeleweyo amaphethu akukho austenitic kunye neferritic, babalulekile amandla kunye nokukhulula ukuphotsha kwi-stress corrosion cracking.

• Indawo 2205 ukhululekile ngokubanzi kwiindlela zomphoyisi nezilungiselelo ezincane ngenqanawe yezindawo eziqhutywa kumthetho wakhe okuncedisi kunye nokuphucula kwesibhedlela.
• Umgama 2507 , ngenqanawe yokugcwaliswa ekunene, ukhishwa ukuncedisi kunye nokuphucula kwesibhedlela esingazange kwiindlela ezifana namakhulu amaphandle, ifanele lokuhlola amasili asebhayi.

Amamartensite & Ukugcwalisa Kwesibhedlela: 410, 17-4 PH

Istainles steel yesimartensite iyakhululekile ngokuncedisi kunye nokuhlelwa kakhulu, usukelwe kwiindlela ezincedisi ukuthi zikhuliswe ngokushintsha.

• Umgama 410 isetyenziswa kwiindlela zakhenkathi nevalves, uzokusetyenziswa phakathi kokuncedisi kunye nokuphucula kwesibhedlela.
• Amaxwebhu akugcwaliswa njenge-17-4 PH azihleli ukuncedisi kunye nokuphucula kwesibhedlela kwiindlela zokuhlola umoya okanyeleyo nokuthathela izimbali, zisukelwe kwiindlela zakhesi nezindawo eziphambili.

Ukufunda lezi zicalo ziyahamba ukusuka amanqaku amaphi apho amahlalelanisi kunye nemibuzo engenisisi uhlola ukuba zityipha indawo ye-stainless steel pipe egcinikayo kwiindlela ezithile, uzokuhlola ukuduradura, uphawulo kunye nokususa imali ngaphandle kwezindawo ezininzi.

Isihluthulelo Insimbi engagqwali Amanani kanye nezinto ezithunyelwe kuyo

304/L: Umlinganiso wokufundeka nokwesine emveleni lokusebenza ngokubanzi

I-steel esilika yenqwa ye-304 iyahluka ngokuba ingasebenzi ngokwelula kwaye inokugcinwa ngokukhawuleza, okuquka ukuba abakhethi abaningi kwiindustri yomketho kunye nezixhobo zokucoca bakhetha le ndawo. I-chemical composition ye-304 iyakwazi ukusebenzela nazo zonke iindlela zokusebenza ngokwelula kunye nezimo zokulwa, ngoko ke kusebenza ngokukhawuleza kwiindlela zokhathazwa. Ke xa sibona i-304L, kukho okuqukethwe kwiimeko. Le nto encinci inekhabhoni encinci, kunye nokuba le nto iyahluka ngokukhawuleza xa kugcinwa. I-khabhoni encinci ibonisa ukuba kukho okuncinci kweengqesho zokubatwa kwekhabhoni kwiindlela zokugcina, okuquka ukuba ingqesho ayipheli ukusebenzi ngokwelula. Kwizicelo apho kudinga ukugcinwa ngapandle kwezinye, i-304L iyaba yinto ebonako ngokukhawuleza kuba ibonisa ukukhanya kunye nokulula ngemva kokugcinwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

316/L: Umkhuhlane omphofa enhlawini olungileyo olungakhona

I-steel yase Grade 316 itholwa ngokuba iyahlukana ngokuhambisana ne-corrosion ye-chloride. Kungani? I-Molybdenum engezwe kwisekelo yakhe yenza ukuba inike amaphropathi amanje, okwenza ikusebenza ngendlela enhle kizindawo ezifanayo nezindawo zasekhanda noma izindawo zokwenza izinkimbini. Xa kubonakala kamanzi ashukela noma izinto eziphambene, i-steel engcono ingaba yizothuleka ngokweqile, kepha i-Grade 316 iyahlukana ngendlela enhle kulezi zimo ezihlangothini. Kukhona futhi uhlobo olwana ngokuthiwa ngu-316L osebenza ngendlela yokwengeza amandla ngaphandle kokuthi kuthathwa ngokwehlisa. Kumaqo amapharmaceutical manufacturing noma chemical production apho izimpilo kudinga amandla noma ukucaphuna, le ndawo iyisikhwama. Khumbula amareketha noma amathanki okugcina apho kumele ahlale kwehlisa leyo fomu noma amaphropathi wokuphepha noma ngabe kubonakala ngokuphelele kuma-chimicals amakhiyana ngeminyaka eminingi.

321/321H: Ukushintsha Kwetitanium Ngokuthi Iheat Resistance

I-steel esilikonwe yenani le-321 ibonakala i-titanium, into engiyinxenye esebenzisa njengomphathi othusela ukuba le nto ingavumele ukulwa xa kuthiwa kakhulu. Ngokuthiwa kanjalo, i-Grade 321 isebenzisa kahle kakhulu kumaqondo apho kubonakala kakhulu, cogca ngokusebenzisa kwezinhlobo zokuxhumana nezinjini zokuthiwa noma kwezinhlobo zokugcwa ngokuthiwa, kuzindawo apho izinto kufanele zilinde ngokulandelana nezinkinga eziphakeme ngaphandle kokuthula. Kune version ethile othiwa ne-321H oqukethwe ngokuningi kakhulu. Le kweyntaba enkulu kakhulu le carbon ikhombisa le metalo ukulwa ngokulinganayo futhi ibeke kakhulu ukulwa ngokulandelana noma xa kuthiwa kakhulu kakhulu. Izigaba zokulwa zokuthiwa zingasebenzisa le nto ye-steel kuzinhlobo zokusebenza okufanele zilinde ngokulandelana noma xa kuthiwa kakhulu kakhulu, ukuthiwa yonke into ingasebenze kahle ngaphandle kokuthula.

347/347H: Ukusebenza Kwemahhene Okuhlu Ngenqanawe Yoniobium

I-steel esinekileyo ye-Grade 347 iyahluka ngokuba inebhobhini, okuqukethe okuphakathi kwayo ukunqanda kwe-corrosion ngokuhlukile xa kuthiwe kwiintemperetshi ezide. Ngokuba yinto le, isebenzisa ngokukhulu kwiimeko eziphethekayo iintemperetshi eziphezulu, cogna ngokwemigca yokuqala nezinye izinto apho izixhobo akunakulwanga hhayi ngaliphi na imeko. Kukhona nayo i-347H enye inqanawe enkulu enokusebenzisa ngokulungileyo iintemperetshi eziphezulu, ngoko ke iyisisekelo esikhankathayo kwiindustri zonke ezidinga izinto ezingakwazi ukutholwa iintemperetshi eziphezulu ngaphandle kokuphula amandla akheyo we-structure. Okuqukethe ukuba i-Grade 347 iyahlukene kwiindlela ezininzi, kwiindawo zokusebenza nezokwenza izinto ezithi zokuchithwa kwe-corrosion kodwa nekuba yinto enokuthutha ukuba inikeza iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza ngokuthembekileyo ngemibuzo emihla ngemihla.

Amalayithi Akhonzayo KwiSihlobo Esidingiwe Ipayipi Lensimbi Engagqwali Izinsuku

Amagcinane nokusebenzelo kwezindlela (Umgomo 304)

I-steel yokuhlwa yenani 304 isebenza ngokuthi yindlela ebalulekile ekwenzeni amandla nezinhlelo zokuvulindlela ngokuthi ibonakala ngokuhle futhi inike amandla. Yini okwenza leli steel ibonakale kangaka? Umnandi, isebenza ngokuhle kakhulu kuleyo hlaku nezokwezwa, okungathi amandla afakwe ngokwehlangothi, amagqabi amade kuqala, futhi leyo handrails ezibonakalayo sbona phakathi kwezinye izindawo zibonakala ngokuhle noma ngaphandle kokuphula ngemva kwesikhathi. Ukulungiswa kungalingani ngokushesha, okungubani okubaluleke xa kuhlinzwa izindleko zokudala ngemva kwesikhathi. Abasebenzisa amandla bafavora ukusebenza ne-Grade 304 ngokuthi bafumana amandla nezindlela zokubona ezifanele. Ukuxunyana kwe-chromium ne-nickel kungenisa leli steel ukwenza kwezifiso, hhayi noma kunekunye amanye amagrade. Kodwa, i-Grade 304 isohlwa kwezimali ebalulekile ebaluleke kakhulu ekuvulindlela ngokwezinhlobo eziningi.

Izindawo eziphumayo nokuzihlabisa emfulweni (Umgomo 316)

Ababunyazi besilwane bazi ukuthi i-Grade 316 stainless steel iyahluka ngokuthi iyavumela ukulwa kwezilwane, okwenza yona into efanayo esetshenziswa yilabo nezakhiwo ezingaphansi kwehlathi. Yeyiphi into evela kulesi gade? I-Molybdenum ethile esetshenziswe kumix yakho ikunika amandla ngaphezulu ukuvumela izilwane eziphakeme kwehlathi. Le nto ingaba iyaphila ngokude ngaphandle kwezinye izinto, okungenzeka ukuthi kube khona okuncane kwezilungiselelo nezibuyiselo ngokulandelana nezimo ezihlangothiwe zomkhambi. Noma kunezindawo ezintsha zokuthi zivulekile nezamathole ezikhulayo, abaningi abasebenzini baze bengibona i-Grade 316 njengenqoqo kakhulu ngokuphila kwayo futhu ukuthi ikunikeza amandla ukuvumela ukuthi izakhiwo zingaphila izinkululeko eziningi zomkhambi.

Amasistimu Akhawuntanga (Umgwangulo 321)

I-Grade 321 stainless steel ihlukume kakhulu lapho kunezindleke zokuphezulu, ngokwesikwele sakhe sokukhula izindleke zokuphezulu futhi libeke kakhulu ngokwemekaniki noma lapho kubekwa kakhulu. Ngakho ke sinikwa kahle kakhulu emaphakethini wokukhupha wekhaleli fanye nezinqawatha ezikhona ngaphakathi kwemikhumbi yezindustri lapho izinkambu zihlala ziluleka nezindleke ezinkulu. Lo mbango lwenza ukuthi izinkambu azikhali futhi zilongise ukuthi izinkambu ezi zingapheli kabusho bese kudingeka ukubuyiselwa. Okuqukethwe kwi-Grade 321 kukhona ukuthi inamathithaniyamu okuyisisekelo esikhulu ngokukhula kwe-corrosion engenakwa ukuthi kwehlise. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinhlobo zokwenziwa zelwa leli gidi zilalela kahle ngokudlule kwesikhathi, noma lapho kuzo izimo ezinkulu zokuphezulu ezokhulela izinhlobo ezingaphansi.

Ukuphatha Kwemicali nokusebenzela Izindawo Ezisusiwe (Grade 347)

I-Grade 347 ikhona ngokubaluleka kakhulu ekweni zokwenza izinkimbini ngoba ingake ukulawula izinto eziphoyisa noma kube yini, futhi ikhona nezimo eziphakeme. Ukuzimelwa kwe-niobium kwenza leli khemikhali libaluleke kakhulu kumaqo amanye njengekuhlinzwa kwezindlela nekuhlinzwa komkhiqizo, izindawo lapho kudingeka ukulinda ngokugcwele futhi ukuthi izinto zibe yilo lapho kudingeka. Amakhampela amaningi ayivulela ku-Grade 347 yokusebenzisa amakhemikhali nezinto zokudla zonke izinhlobo iMIKHIQIZO ngokuphepha. Iziphawo zalo zikhusha ukugcinwa kwezimo zokuphepha eziphilayo lapho lezi qo zidinga ngemva kwenyanga futhi.

Amasiko Akuhlola Ukubuka Ngesinye Yesitayela Esikhoyo

Umbono Wokusetyenziswa Ngezilungiselelo Ezifutshe

Ukujwa ukuthi yini le ndawo esizothole kuyo uhlobo lwezinto kuyindlela yokuthola isisayo esifanele sangaphandle kwezinhlanhla, ngakumbi uma kukhona imiphumela ye-corrosion kusuka kuma-acids noma kuselizwe. Ezindlela ezahlukene ziyenza imithwalo ehlukene ngokuthi yini izinto zokwenza, okwenzeka ngokuthi yini izinto ezokudinga ubudala phambi kokuthi zilazwe. Ngokwesibonelo, emadwaleni ebusweni, isisayo se-Grade 316 stainless steel iyasebenza ngempela ngokuthi iyahluka ngokuhambisana nezinhlanhla kuselizwe ngendlela engcono kunazo zonke ezi sisayo. Imicabango yachaza ukuthi uma uba ngumoya olungileyo, izinto ezokweza ngokushesha kunezwa, kubiza izinkampani ezinkulu ngemva kwesikhathi. Ngaleyo ndlela, amakhankatha mengqi abakhelwa abakhubekayo ukuthi bathethe le ndaba esingasebenzi ukuthi bathola isimo esingasebenzi.

Iindlela zakhotho neThermal Stability

Xa kusebenzela neqondo elithintekileyo kumatheka aphakathi kwezinkela, ukuphephile kwezinkela kubaluleke kakhulu ukulelo kuhamba kweminyaka. Kukhona umehluko uma sikhetha uhlobo lokwehlisi lwe-stainless steel odingekayo ukuze sivikele ukuthi amagrade ayihlapi ngemva kwesikhathi. Kunezinhlobo ezithakathela uma kunezinkela eziphakeme. Isibonelo, 321 ne-347 stainless steels ziyasebenza ngemfashane lapho kunezinkela eziphakeme ngokuphelelwe, lokhu kuthathwa phela kikhimikali noma kiziphi indawo egcina amapulanti. Lezi zinhlobo ziyakwazi ukulawula izinkela ngaphandle kokuthi zilalele futhi zikhule. Okwesibonelo, lokhu kuthini ukuthi kunezinkinga ezingaphansi kwezinyathelo zokusebenza futhi kuncane imali ekhokhelwa kuzindlela zokulungisa. Abasebenzisi abaqondile yilokho ngoba ukuphantsi kwezinyathelo kuthatha imali kakhulu kumakethe.

Umthwalo Womekhaniki Njengamanje ukuze Ufundise

Izindlela zokwenza zihlukana ngokwehlukahluka kwezinhlobo zezilass ephathelene, ngakho ukukhetha okulungile kubangelwa yini kufanele kube yini esebenzisa khona ngokwesiko. Xa kuchotha izinhlobo, abasebenzisa kufanele bachinga ukuthi yini bazo kusebenzisa lapho ekwenzeni yona ngoba le ndlela ziyindlela zokwenza ziyathinta kanjani ukusebenza kwezinto ngokwedwa. Sebenzisa umzekelo wesipho nezindlela zokupheka kakhulu amakhampani awa akhetha izinhlobo ezithile zezilass ephathelene ongayilapha ukwakha ngokukhulu ngaphandle kokuthinta ngokugcwele. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le ndlela zokwenza nezinhlobo ziyafanayo kuyindlela esenza ukuthi kube yini okuhamba ngalo. Iziphumo zilala kude, izindleko zokulungisa ziphansi futhi ukusebenza kwezinye izinhlobo kuzoba kube kahle kakhulu xa abasebenzisa bavumelana ngokwesiko.

Ubungakanani Bucala Ngekuhlola Kokumhla

Ukutholwa kweqembu elipheleleyo phakathi kwemali nokudala okudala kakhulu liphazamisa kakhulu xa ukhetha izigaba zemali zokwenza amathontolo yezokudla uma sithanda ukunceda imali ngemva kwezikhathi. Ukukhetha uhlobo olungileyo lunciphisa lezi zindleko zokulungisa futhi kuthinta ukuthi izinto zidale kakhulu kabefore okuthi kudingeka ukubuyiselwe. Noma ngabe amathontolo angcono aningi imali ekubeni kuthengwa, le miyalelo ingcono ukulayela kakhulu kumaqo noma amathontolo amancane. Ukuhluleka kunciphisa ukudingeka ukulungisa noma ukubuyisa ngokuphelele. Abakhankatha bejwayele ukwazi le nto, ngakho ke abaningi bakha amathontolo angcono kwezokudla kuzindleko eziphambene noma ukungabi nesikhathi eside. Konke leto kunciphisa imali ekudeni ngemva kwezikhathi.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ngubani ubuningi phakathi kwezamaxhalese 304 kunye ne-316?

I-Garde 304 siyicinga lokusebenza ngokubanzi ngephakathi nesiphumo sokubhujabha nokwesixa, ngakho ke I-Garde 316 ingene umoli, okungena iphakathi lokunqamukeleka kakhulu ngemitha, okungena lokusebenza kwisekhono semayini kunye nezindawo eziphakamisayo.

Ngubani ukuthi I-Garde 321 sikhethekwanga lokusebenza ngendawo yenkululeko yemperipheni?

Umgomo 321 uhluke izintuthuko zentungwa njengumphumelelo, uhlala ukufinyelela kwindawo yokuphakamisa okugcinwe ngomoya, ubhekisele ukuba kusenziwe kwiindawo ezinethela amandla okukhulu lokuncedisi nokulula amaxhobo aokuxhasa.

Yintoni ingxenye yezinto ezilandelwe ngu-Niobium ku-Grade 347 stainless steel?

Niobium ihlalekisa umgomo wokuqinisekiswa kokubhakanyisana kwezinyathelo ezithile, ngokushesha kwiindawo ezinethela amandla okukhulu lokuncedisi, ubhekisele ukuba kusenziwe kwiindawo ezinethela amandla okukhulu lokuhlola imigqude nezihlangene.

Ningenzani Grade 409 ungene nge-Grade 430 kwimibuzo yokuxhasa?

Grade 409 uyinkumbuso kunjalo futhi usebenziswe kumikrosithi yombhalo wesikhombiso esebenza ngaphandle komoya olunqwenqwane, ngaphandle kokuba Grade 430 usebenziswe phambi kwezinto eziphumayo ngokwesikhathi sokubhakanyiswa.

Zingeni zingaba zingene zingezwe lapho kufaka umgomo we Stainless Steel?

Izinsuku zokubeka zizama ukuba zikhululekile: uphawu lwemvume, iindlela zokuhlola, izidingo zokulinganiso olujabulayo, ukubaluleka ngezindlela zokusebenza, kunye nokukhuphuka kakhulu.