Izintonga eZikhonzayo Zokhono laseStainless Steel ngokubanzi vs. Izintonga ezilondoloziwe: Amahlobo Okulandelayo

Amaphutha Wokubhala Kwezilungiselelo Izindlela zesiStileleni

Jongamathanga Lwesikhwama Esikhatsi Sonke Ligcinwa (Umbhali Wesiphumo Sokuqinisa)

Ukuthunyelwa kusebenza ngokwengeza emhlabeni ubunzima bokwenza leli tibhoyile ezingenakuphansi esibonwa kakhulu kuzindlela zokudla nezindawo zokwenziwa. Indlela eqondile yokuqala kubenza ngokulayisha i-billet ecastile okuya kuyona indawo ethula kuye kuma-2,300°F (ngu-1,260°C), okwenza yona ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa. Uma kula kunezulu, leli billet lithunyelwe ngaphakathi kwezidwe ezinhlelwe ngokwezifiso ezikhathazo yazo ukuthi lithapakanye kumaqondana amahle ngokuhlala. Kukhona ukubaluleka kakhulu ukuthi izulu lithole ngokwengeza ngokweqile noma umoya ubube kancane, akakho ukuthi kungakhiphe ngokwengeza, kodwa uma ungene kancane kakhulu konke kuthatha isimo esikhahlayo. Amathambo anengiwa anakekela amandla kakhulu ekulayisheni izilayisho zazo zokulayisha ngokwengeza ngokuthi yiliphi uhlobo lomkhiqizo ofunayo. Emuva kwekuthunyelwa kungena futhi kwenzeke kwezinye izilayisho aphakathi kwezikhathi ezilayishwe yizinkampani ukuthi abasebenzisi bathunye futhi bathaphake ngokwengeza kakhulu ukuthi bathole ukubalwa okuphelele kanye nezulu leliyona ngokwesivikelo se-ASTM.

Ukuphatha ubungako ngokulandelana nge-extrusion kuyindlela esenza ukuba kutholelwe iMIKHIQIZO kuqalelweni. Inqubo yonke iveyisi ne-automation eyamkelwa izinto ezijikeleza ukuthicka kwezindonga futhi na kuthathwa kanjani indawo esayine. Lapho abasebenzisi bakwenza ukulondoloza okujwayele, baletha izinkinga ezingaba yikona - ngokuvumelana nobuchwepheshe kwenqanawa noma izindawo lapho imetali ayithickanga ngokufanele. Lezi zikhululo eziphambene nezikhululo zenza ukuba lapho ezifakwe izindonga ezingenakho umoya, zingasebenzise kanjani okudingekayo, kancane kakhulu lapho kunezinkinga eziphakeme kakhulu futhi ubunye bokwenza kufanele bakhona ngokuvamile.

Imininingwane Yokuhedlela Amaphawu Osheshe (ERW & Ukusondezela Wesikhashana)

Imipemu yesilinda esikhangelweyo enziwa ngokusebenzisa indlela engu-Electric Resistance Welding, noma kuthiwa ngokushushu ERW, kunoma yinto engu-longitudinal welding. Okuqukethweyo kwe-ERW kukhona ukusebenza kwayo. Ngokwezifiso, umoya wokuxhumana wenziwa ngumoya ocula emncinceni imbuso yesilinda esisuka, emva koko kwenziwa ngumugqa. Imithodi yokukhangela ngendlela enkulu kudinga izinto efanayo zokukhangela, kepha i-ERW ayidingi lokho. Oku kuthuthukisa izindleko ngokuphelele kanti kuncipise amathuba okuthenjelwa kwiqimba. Ngaphandle kokudinga izinto efanayo, iphumelelo ephumayo lishiyela inkanyiso ngokweqile. Le nkanyiso ikhona ngokukhulu xa ezimipemweni isebenzisa kwiindlela zokubhona izindlela zokwenza amanzi noma izilungiselelo zokwenza izinto zokuchitha lapho okuncane okungenzeka kwenza into engenakho ukuthenjelwa.

Kwesewo lesozontlo, abasebenzisa ukubhola i-steel esimeme kwiindlela zokuba yinto encane ngaphambi kokwenza isewo ekuhlaleni kwehamba ngokuphambene nekhanda. Le ndlela isebenza kakuhle xa kudingeka iindlela ezinkulu ngeliphi kanti kunezindlela ezingenaso isewo. Ngokulula, izindleko zokwenza ziphezulu fepi kwaye amakhampisi angakhiwa ngokutshona. Into engaxeshwa? Le ndawo yaseyo iyahlala indawo emncinci apho umda wokubanjwa kungqabuka ngexesha, kwiimeko ngokukhawuleza apho kubonakala ukubanjwa okungenzeka kubangela iiproblemi ngemva koxesha.

Izindiza ezilahlekileyo ziyindlela kakhulu ukuba kuzo izimo zokuphathwa ngokukhulu kanti zidinga imisebenzi yokwenza engcono futhi zithinte amaphethelo ngokungenawo. Kepha, lapho izicelo ithinta ukukhanya kanye nokusebenza ngokuthuthukisa, abaningi bazo abasebenzisa izindiza ezingenakuthunyelwa noma ngelokho kubiza izindleko eziphakeme. Izinyathelo zokwenza kanye nezinyathelo zokukhetha kuzo zonke izinto ziyindlela kakhulu ukuba kuzo okuthinta kakhulu yimuphi uhlobo. Ezinye izindawo zokuvulwa kuzothinta izindleko zokuvuleka noma kuzo ezinye kudinga amaphethelo ongayilwa ukuba ayilale futhi ayilale kuzo izimo eziphakeme.

Ukubuyekeza nokuhlola Ukusuka ngokumandla nokuhlola

Umbiko Womandla Kwisiphayipeyi Esaselemesi Nesisiphayipeyi Somphulo

Kubaluleka ukwazi ukuthi ipayiphi esebenza ngokuvumelana nezomlando zokuthi ziyasebenza kanjani xa kuzozama ukusebenza kahulumeni. Ipayiphi esebenza ziyahlukanisa uhulumeni ngokuvumelana kakhulu kuzo zonke izinxenye zazo ngenxa yokuthi akukho mlando wokungcola owodwa. Isimo seyona yisidingo esifanayo kuwo wonke amaphela, okungathi kuthi i-payiphi ezosebenza ngokuvumelana engeke yahlukaniswa ngaphambi kokuthi yilandelwa. Ngakho ke abasebenzi bokwelaphi baze bafaka i-payiphi esebenza ngokuvumelana kumasebenzi amakhulu njengokuthutha kweholi yasezindabeni kanye nezimali zokusebenza apho kungaba khona ukwetha uhulumeni. Ipayiphi ezomlango zisebenza ngendlela enguqu ngokuthi zokhiwe ngokuxhumana nezinye izicathu zasegolide. Le mikhombiso iyakhiwa amandla apho ngaphakathi kungaba yilandelwa xa uhulumeni lukhula, hhonibonelaphi ukuxhumana okanamhlanje kungenzeka ukuthi kuhlanganise amakhosi ngokukhulu kunokuba yilandelwa kusaphelile.

Imiphipli yasegoli yasebenza kakhulu lapho kudingeka ukulinda ngokuphelele kakhulu noma kungenzeka ukulwela, chofoza izindawo zokhiwa nezifunda zokuchitha lapho izinto zingasebenza ngokukhulu. Ngokwesikali, imiphipli enqatshelwe yindlela engaphelela lapho izindleko ziyahluleka futhi ukukhiwa okusha kudingeka kube kasiyakudala kakhulu ngaphandle kokulinda ngokuphelele. Abasebenzisa amaphiphi aphethwe ngokwengeza le nto ngokuvamile kuzindleko zasekhaya lapho azidingi ukulinda okuphelele kakhulu. Umqondo wokudla wasekhaya wasebenzisa le nto ngokwengeza ngokuthula ngokuba yindlela engcono ngokwezimali kuzinto ezingenakho ukulwela okuphelele.

Izinyathelo Ezichasene Nomahlayo (Ama-zone Okuhlukahluka Kweheat)

Izindawo ezibangelwa ukushisa (HAZ) zakheka lapho kushaywa futhi ziyingxenye eyinhloko onjiniyela okudingeka bayihlole lapho bebheka ukuthi ijoyini elixutshiwe liqine kangakanani ngempela. Lezi zindawo zakheka ngoba ukushisela kwakha ukushisa okukhulu okushintsha ukwakheka kwensimbi eduze nendawo yokushisela. Kwenzekani ngokulandelayo? Yebo, lokhu kushintsha ngokuvamile kusho izindawo ezibuthakathaka eziphuka kalula ngaphansi kokucindezeleka. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izixhumi ezixhunywe nge-weld empeleni ziyahluleka kaningi kunezixhumano ezingenamthungo, ikakhulukazi lapho kushintsha izinga lokushisa noma ingcindezi emapayipini. I-Journal of Welding Research iyakuqinisekisa lokhu, ngakho-ke kuyinto abakhiqizi abafuna ukuyibuka eduze ezinqubweni zabo zokulawula ikhwalithi.

Kunakho izindlela yokuxhandlela lezi nkinga noma kunjalo. Iindlela zokusebenzisa amandla ezingaphandle kwalentando zisebenza kahle, ngokufanayo neezintaba eziphethwe njengokusebenzisa ilayizi noma ukugcina ngekati yokugcina okuphela okuphela okuthi kunciphisa kakanani ukuba yinto enguqulwa ngamandla ekwenzeni inkqubo. Lokhu kunceda ukwenza amaphoyinti amakhulu. Ukukhetha okuqondakala kwegciwo kuyindlela enkulu futhi ukuthi uqaphe kabusho yonke into ngemuva kwentando kuyindlela enkulu ukugcina amaphoyinti aphinde aphakeme kakhulu ngokushesha. Noma lapho ube nezinga eziphakeme zokugcinwa ngamandla, amaphoyinti edlule ngokulungileyo asebenza ngokuthandwayo kakhulu embangeni ngamanye amaphoyinti, amaphoyinti weyoli, kanye nezindawo zokuvikela izindawo zokuvikela izindawo.

Ukuphucula kumhlaba kunye Ngenxa Zokungabhedekile

Izichallenge zoGalvanization kumaPhipha elayishwe

Ukuhlakisa izinhlobo zokugqibela kuhle kubangela ukuthi zingasebenzi ngokuhambelana nokulindela ukugaywa, kodwa kukhona amagama athi yini okuthi kungasebenzi kanjani. Ngenkathi inkawunti yezinki ithinte ukuphela kwezinto evela phezulu, le zinhlobo zingasebenza ngokugaywa ngokushesha lapho kuzothunyelwa endaweni ephaphazwe njengokudlulwa kwezibhambane noma amaphaktori ezokwenza izinkcazo. Sibonile izimo lapho noma ngabe kuhlangene nezinhlobo zokuhlakisa, lezikhawunti zokugqibela zingasebenza ngokushesha ngisho nokuba zithunyelwe. Ukukhetha izinhlobo kumele kudingke kakhulu lapho. Uma usebenzisa izinhlobo eziphezulu kanye nezinyathelo eziphezulu zokulungisa izinhlangothi ngaphambi koku hlakisa, kungasebenze kahle. Abanye amakhampeni abenemiphumela emininingwane bathola ukuthi izinhlobo zokuxandla ezithile kanye nezinyathelo ezingcono zokuhlabezela kuzenza ukuthi inkawunti yezinki ithinte ngokuhle.

Umbuso Weseamles Pipe Kwiminyaka Ekhulu

Kwizindawo zokusebenza eziphakeme, izindanda ezingenakuphansi ziyobuya kakhulu ngaphandle kwezindanda ezithunywe. Ngaphandle kwezindawo ezincane lapho kuzokwenzeka ukungcola, azikho izindawo eziqile lapho izinto eziphambene zingavitha. Sebenzisa izindanda zokuthwala minyaka ngokwesibonelo, abasebenzisi bethu kubo bafindwayo ukuthi lapho kuzophakelwa kumoya, izindanda ezingenakuphansi ziyobuya kahle ngokwesikhathi ngaphandle kwezindanda eziyophansi. Abasebenzisi basebenzela ukulungisa izindanda bayavuma lokhu. Babonisa ukuthi indlela ethile yazo zokubulwa kuzo kuyindlela ephambene nazo kuzo zonke izindawo lapho izinkimbini zingavitha amagugu. Ukudala nezinhlayiya ezifanalo ne-chromium ne-molybdenum kudale ukuphela okuningi kwezinyawo nezinto eziphambene, ngakho ke izinhlelo ziyabona ukuthi izindanda ziyasebenza ngokuzimela noma lapho kuzozokwenzeka ukuthi zibe nezimo eziphambene ngemva kwezikhathi eziningi.

Ukubuyekeza Okuphi kanye noKhubeko

Izinhlobo Zokubuya KwePhrojekhi (Umkhandlwana vs. Ukusenzeni)

Xa ubheka ukuthini kwenza amapipi amancane kunoma amapipi akhumbiweyo, kukhona amaphi amaningi okucinga. Iindleko zomkhiqizo, imali abantu abathengayo, neindleko yokusebenza kwamashini zonke zifanisa indima lapha. Amapipi amancane ngokwesiko ayindlela ephakeme kakhulu ngokwokuqala kanti ukwenza kwa yindlela ephakeme kakhulu yokuthi kudinga ukwenza okuqondile kanye nokukhipha okudinga amashini amakhulu angavumelekanga. Amapipi akhumbiweyo ngokwesiko ayindlela encane xa kwenziwa kanti abasebenzisa amashiti amathathu amathile noma amaphela owakhiwa ngazo amapipi athintwa ngokukhumba. Kepha sithi kancane abafoweni - ukufikelela kuzo kufanele kube yini? Noma ukuba amapipi amancane iyindlela ephakeme kakhulu ngokuqala, ngokwesiko kudinga ukulungiswa futhi kusebenza ngokude kakhulu kunamapipi akhumbiweyo. Ngakho ke ababhali bokushipha kufanele bazingisile ngokugcwele kabefore ukukhetha indlela enye ngaphezu kwenye. Umbuzo mkhulu yini na ukuthi kungcono ukuthwebula imali ngokuqala kungaba yindlela yokuthola imali ngokudla kudinga ukuthi laphi amapipi ayobuya kusebenziswa kuzo kuzo zonke izinhawu zokusebenza.

Amahulu Okusetafekwa Kusihlalo Esingaphambili

Ukuba ubheke izindleko zokulungisa ngokwehla kwesikhathi, imipumpu ephethwe yini iya kulula ngokuba iyabangela ngokukhulu kusukela ekuvuleleni. Le mipumpu ayasebenta njalo noma kutholakala amaphoyisa amabi, lokho ke kuyakhiwa yini amadoda amaningi ukuthola kuzo kizindawo aphakeme kakhulu ukuvula nokunyukela. Kodwa le mipumpu etholakalayo iquka indlela ehlukene. Zingadinga ukubhekeka nokulungiswa kahle ngenxa yokuthi izinkinga zingase kuthole emaphoyisini. Izinombolo ezithile zokusebenzela futhi zivikela lokho - amaphlanthi amaningi aphumana ngeke zindleke kakhulu kuzo zokulungisa le mipumpu etholakalayo kunale ephethwe yini ngokwehla kwazo. Abasebenzisa abaqondaniyo bavala ukubhekeka nokulungiswa okuvulele kusukela esikhathini sokufaka. Ngokukodwa ngezilika esibonile, ukuba kwenzeke kahle ukulungiswa kwesivinini kudinga kakhulu. Abafaka abasebenzisa izindleko eziphumelelayo esikhathini sokufaka kuyakhiwa yini le mipumpu iyale kude kude, ukuthola imali ngonyaka onyaka.

Amalayithi nokuthi Ophathe Lapho

Umyezelo wemoto/Omoto nokulandelekileyo (Ithuthi lesi-join)

Kwimboni yesithuthi nezindleke, izindulu ezingenazo zicacileyo kakhulu xa kusebenzwa kuzo izimo ezinezinkinga eziphambene nezindlela zokubulwa. Kuzo zonke izindlela, lezi zindulu ezingenazo zihlinzekisa ngempela kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto ezingenazo ukubulwa futhi zidinga ukuba zilanga ngempela. Zisebenza ngempela kuleyo ndlela yokuthumela ikrude oil, ukwesekwa kwezinhlelo zokugubhuwa, nezinto ezingenazo ukugcinwa kuzo izinkinga eziphambene. Izinkomba zemvelo zibonisa ukuthi izindulu ezibhantethwe zihlala zingena ngemoya xa zihlukaniswa kuzo zonke izinkinga, lokhu kwenza ukuthi abasebenzisi abaningi bethemba kakhulu izindulu ezingenazo xa kusebenzwa kuzo izinto ezingenazo ukulingana. Ukukhetha izindulu ezingenazo akuyona indlela yokuvikela izinkinga kodwa kuyona indlela yokuhlanganisa nezimfanelo eziphathimende zokuhlonipha, okungaba yindlela yokuthi abaphathi bethemba kakhulu kuzo zonke izimpahla zemvunzo. Yeyiphi na into ethathwe ngempumelelo kuzo zonke izinto ezingenazo ukuplanisha ukuthi abasebenzisi basebenzise izindulu ezingenazo kuzo zonke izinto apho ukusebenza ngokudla kuzo zonke izinkinga kudinga ukuba yinkimbinkimbi.

Amagcindeyo kanye nokusebenzela (Ukuphikisana nolondolo olwayo)

Imicimbi yokudla nasezokwelapha kancane ifisela amapipa ahlelwe ngokuhlela ngoba iya kunciphisa imali fanye neyadala kakhulu. Le mapipa kusebenza ngokukhulu lapho isikhathi sikhulu kakhulu emaphandlweni apho kudingeka ukuthwalelwa noma ukwakhiwa kakhulu ngoba abasebenzi bakhona bavule amapipa ngamadwele fanye nokwakhiwa kwezixhobo ngaphandle kokuthwalela kakhulu. Ukuthwalelwa kungaba yinkinga ebaluleke kakhulu emaphandlweni apho amasipili akhona ayedwa noma kuzodwa ukuthwalelwa okungase kudingiwe kuzodwa. Abathengisi bonke bafindwa ukuthi amapipa ahlelwe ngokuhlela kancane bafinyelela konke okudingekayo kwezimali ezinhle noma kudinga ukuthi izindleko zabo zingaphansi kwezinye izinketho. Ngenkathi amadodili adlale kanye, sibona kakhulu abasebenzisa amapipa ahlelwe ngokuhlela ngokwesibonelo ngoba awo amaphandla adla ngokukhulu noma kungase kunciphisa imali fanye nokwakhiwa kwezimali ezinhle okwenzeka ukuthi zidinga kuzodwa.